Oddělení jazyků
Studijní materiály
Studijní texty pro BA2 a BA3 NS
Zimní semestr 2024/2025
- Red Hot Chili Peppers Arrive in Sub-Zero Arctic Seed Vault
- Why the Deaf Have Enhanced Vision
- Modern gladiators - New body armour promises to transform fighting sports
- Interscatter enables first implanted devices, contact lenses, credit cards to 'talk' WiFi
- Baby decisions - adding to the world's woes?
- Why a familiar bed provides a good night’s sleep
- Milkweed is toxic and hard to get rid of. The answer? Train rabbits to like it
- Edible food packaging made from milk proteins
Letní semestr 2023/2024
- A New Animal Species Emerging in North America
- Alan Turing and the Apple
- Mummies around the World – Dried, Smoked, or Thrown in a Bog
- In Praise of Human Guinea Pigs
- UK Rains Broke River Flow Record and Climate Change is to Blame
- Hell’s Grannies: Driving in Old Age
- In Defense of Invaders
- Meet my Datas
Zimní semestr 2023/2024
- Alien Contact More Likely by "Mail" Than Radio, Study Says
- Genes and the placebo effect
- Can the "wonder material" live up to all the hype?
- Grass Grows 13-Foot Roots of "Steel"
- An American company thinks it can have a commercial reactor ready and working within a decade
- Project Hieroglyph: Fighting society's dystopian future
- Swarthy, blue-eyed caveman with strong immune system revealed using ancient DNA
- Wireless Power May Cut the Cord for Plug-In Devices, Including Cars
Letní semestr 2022/2023
- "Blue Moon" to Shine on New Year's Eve
- Using a cell phone may help fight Alzheimer's disease
- Easter Island mystery: Why did the native culture die out?
- High-tech energy oasis to be built in the desert
- Making Music Boosts Brain's Language Skills
- Nanoparticles programmed to attack cancer
- Running Barefoot
- Could we, and should we, settle on Mars?
Odborný styl - doplňkové materiály
Chemické prvky / Chemical elements
| Sb | antimony | antimon |
| As | arsenic | arzén |
| At | astatine | astat |
| B | boron | bór |
| Br | bromine | bróm |
| Sn | tin | cín |
| K | potassium | draslík |
| N | nitrogen | dusík |
| F | fluorine | fluor |
| P | phosphorus | fosfor |
| Al | aluminium | hliník |
| Mg | magnesium | hořčík |
| Cl | chlorine | chlór |
| Cr | chromium | chróm |
| I | iodine | jód |
| Co | cobalt | kobalt |
| Si | silicon | křemík |
| O | oxygen | kyslík |
| Mn | manganese | mangan |
| Cu | copper | měď |
| Ni | nickel | nikl |
| Pb | lead | olovo |
| Hg | mercury | rtuť |
| Se | selenium | selen |
| S | sulfur | síra |
| Na | sodium | sodík |
| Ag | silver | stříbro |
| Te | tellurium | telur |
| Ti | titanium | titan |
| C | carbon | uhlík |
| V | vanadium | vanad |
| Ca | calcium | vápník |
| H | hydrogen | vodík |
| Zn | zinc | zinek |
| Au | gold | zlato |
| Fe | iron | železo |
Interpunkce / Punctuation
| , | comma |
| . | full stop/ period (am) |
| : | colon |
| ; | semicolon |
| ( ) | brackets/ parentheses (am) |
| ' | apostrophe |
| " " | quotation marks |
| — | dash |
| – | hyphen |
| ? | question mark |
| ! | exclamation mark |
| / | slash |
| * | asterisk |
Hierarchická klasifikace / Hierarchical classification
| kingdom | říše |
| phylum (pl.phyla) | kmen |
| division | oddělení |
| class | třída |
| order | řád |
| family | čeleď |
| genus (pl.genera) | rod |
| species (pl.species) | druh |
| Předpony pro doplňkové kategorie | |
| super- | nad- |
| sub- | pod- |
Matematika / Mathmatics
| Základní operace | |||
| + | plus | add | addition |
| - | minus | subtract | subtraction |
| x | times | multiply | multiplication |
| / | divided by | divide | division |
| = | equals | ||
| Zlomky | |
| Jmenovatelé zlomků mají stejný tvar jako číslovky řadové: | |
| a third | třetina |
| a fifth | pětina |
| a tenth | desetina |
| a hundredth | setina |
| a thousandth | tisícina |
| Zvláštní výrazy jsou pouze pro polovinu half a čtvrtinu quarter. V čitateli se stejně jako v češtině užívá číslovek základních: | |
| 1/2 | one half |
| 3/4 | three quarters (fourths) |
| 5/6 | five sixths |
| 9/11 | nine elevenths |
| U větších zlomků se užívá i v jmenovateli číslovky základní, přičemž lomeno se vyjadřuje pomocí over: | |
| 193/247 | one hundred and ninety-three over two hundred and forty-seven |
| (a + b)/x | a plus b over x |
| Mocniny a odmocniny | |
| Kromě výrazů na druhou squared a na třetí cubed se užívá předložky to a číslovky řadové: | |
| 101 | ten to the first |
| 102 | ten squared |
| 103 | ten cubed |
| 104 | ten to the fourth |
| 105 | ten to the fifth |
| 10-n | ten to the minus n-th |
| 2. od z 10 | the square root of ten |
| 3. od z 10 | the cube root of ten |
| 4. od z 10 | the fourth root of ten |
| 5. od z 10 | the fifth root of ten |
| n. od z 10 | the n-th root of ten |
| Zdroj: Dušková L., Bubeníková L.: Angličtina pro vědecké a odborné pracovníky | |
| Číslovky vyšší než jeden milion | |||
| miliarda | billion | thousand million | 109 |
| bilion | trillion | billion | 1012 |
| quadrillion | 1015 | ||
| trilion | quintillion | trillion | 1018 |
| sextillion | 1021 | ||
| kvadrilion | septillion | quadrillion | 1024 |
| octillion | 1027 | ||
| kvintilion | nonillion | quintillion | 1030 |
Nepravidelný plurál - výňatek / Irregular plural
| Tvoření změnou kmenové souhlásky | ||
| man | men | muž, člověk |
| woman | women | žena |
| foot | feet | noha, stopa |
| tooth | teeth | zub |
| goose | geese | husa |
| mouse | mice | myš |
| dormouse | dormice | plch |
| louse | lice | veš |
| Nulový exponent - stejný tvar pro obě čísla | ||
| offspring | offspring | potomek, dítě |
| means | means | prostředek |
| series | series | řada |
| species | species | druhy |
| Substantiva označující některé druhy zvěře | ||
| Vždy bez koncovky | ||
| sheep | sheep | ovce |
| grouse | grouse | tetřev |
| deer | deer | vysoká zvěř |
| plaice | plaice | platýs |
| salmon | salmon | losos |
| trout | trout | pstruh |
| Možná koncovka -s (většinou se však užívá v plurálu bez koncovky!) | ||
| antelope | antelope(s) | antilopa |
| buffalo | buffalo(s) | buvol |
| fish | fish(es) | ryba |
| pike | pike(s) | štika |
| carp | carp(s) | kapr |
| herring | herring(s) | sleď |
| moose | moose(s) | los |
| partridge | partridge(s) | koroptev |
| reindeer | reindeer(s) | sob |
| Cizí plurály | ||
| Některá cizí substantiva odborného charakteru zachovávají původní plurál, který často alternuje s domácí formou. Pokud existují oba tvary plurálu, cizí tvar se používá hlavně v odborném kontextu. | ||
| Latinské plurály | ||
| alga | algae | řasa |
| antenna | antennae | tykadlo, anténa |
| formula | formulae; -s | formule, vzorec |
| larva | larvae | larva |
| nebula | nebulae | mlhovina |
| bacillus | bacilli | bacil |
| cactus | cacti; -es | kaktus |
| focus | foci; -es | ohnisko |
| fungus | fungi; -es | houba |
| locus | loci | lokus |
| nucleus | nuclei; -es | jádro |
| radius | radii; -es | poloměr |
| stimulus | stimuli | podnět |
| syllabus | syllabi; -es | sylabus, stud. program |
| apex | apices; -es | vrchol |
| appendix | appendices | dodatek (v knize) |
| appendix | appendixes | slepé střevo |
| index | indices; -es | index, ukazatel, rejstřík |
| addendum | addenda | dodatek |
| bacterium | bacteria | baktérie |
| aquarium | aquaria; -s | akvárium |
| curriculum | curricula; -s | učební osnova |
| medium | media; -s | prostředí |
| maximum | maxima | maximum |
| minimum | minima | minimum |
| memorandum | memoranda; -s | poznámka, protokol |
| spectrum | spectra; -s | spektrum |
| stratum | strata | vrstva (horniny) |
| symposium | symposia; -s | sympozium |
| genus | genera | rod, druh |
| Řecké plurály | ||
| analysis | analyses | analýza |
| axis | axes | osa |
| basis | bases | základ |
| crisis | crises | krize |
| hypothesis | hypotheses | hypotéza |
| prognosis | prognoses | prognóza |
| thesis | theses | dizertace |
| criterion | criteria | kritérium |
| phenomenon | phenomena | jev |
| Zdroj: Dušková, L.: Mluvnice současné angličtiny na pozadí češtiny | ||
Science & Scientists
| astronomy | astronomer |
| geography | geographer |
| philosophy | philosopher |
| mathematics | mathematician |
| politics | politician |
| statistics | statistician |
| genetics | geneticist |
| physics | physicist |
| systematics | systematist |
| biology | biologist |
| botany | botanist |
| chemistry | chemist |
| entymology | entymologist |
| etymology | etymologist |
| ecology | ecologist |
| hydrology | hydrologist |
| meteorology | meteorologist |
| microbiology | microbiologist |
| mineralogy | mineralogist |
| physiology | physiologist |
| psychology | psychologist |
| psychiatry | psychiatrist |
| taxonomy | taxonomist |
| vulcanology | vulcanologist |
| zoology | zoologist |
Zkratky / Abbreviations
| cf. | confer | srovnej |
| l.c., loc.cit. | in the passage quoated | v citované pasáži |
| e.g. | for example | na příklad |
| et al. | and others | a jiní |
| etc. | and so on | atd. |
| ib., ibid. | in the same place | tamtéž |
| i.e. | that is | tj. |
| no. | number | číslo |
| op. cit. | in the work cited | v citovaném díle |
| p.c. | per cent | procent |
| viz. | namely | totiž |
