PRF

Written on 23 July 2021. Posted in PRF.

Language Department

CEFR

The abbreviation CEFR used in the course descriptions refers to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, which describes A1 - C2 language levels.

CEFR assessment grid (pdf)
Placement Test
Quick OJZ Placement Test

The test is based on grammar and vocabulary. Download it, do it, correct it using the key and you can find out your approximate level of English in the table below. The test won't take you more than 40 minutes.
- Test
- Key
Evaluation of the test

This evaluation only serves as a basic reference. There are more detailed and more accurate placement tests that test language skills available on various webpages (e.g. Dialang, TOEIC placement test).

Number of correct answers CEFR level

0 - 15 A0

16 - 35 A1

36 - 55 A2

56 - 75 B1

76 - 95 B2

96 - 120 C1

TOEIC Listening Test

A short TOEIC Listening-skills test is available here.
- 25 questions
- 15 minutes
- Beginner to Advanced (A1 to C1 on the CEFR)
- Tests the candidate's listening skills
- Instant results
- Use your existing ETS account or register
More information about the TOEIC and TOEFL tests: ETS website
and more information on the Language Department website.

LanguageCert Placement Test

Quick online placement test – 25 multiple-choice questions. The test is available on the LanguageCert webpage here.
Quote of the Month
“Kindness is like sunshine; it brightens everyone’s day.”

Language Exploration:

You can find the answers and a possible translation of the quote below.
1. What does the word "sunshine" mean in this sentence?
2. The word "brighten" is one of the verbs whose ending –en often relates to a process of becoming or causing to become something. (e.g., "widen" means "to make wider", "harden" means "to become hard"), so to brighten = to make something happier, lighter, or more cheerful.
  Transform the adjectives below to verbs using the same ending and use them correctly in the sentences below, which are related to Christmas. (A–Z)
  dark – flat – hard – moist – sharpen – shorten – tight – wide
  a) It looks like the cold weather --- the snow into ice by the midnight mass.
  b) We’ll need --- the door to get the giant Christmas tree inside.
  c) We have had --- the list of gifts to fit our holiday budget.
  d) --- the gingerbread dough with a rolling pin before cutting out the shapes.
  e) He used a knife --- the end of the wooden stick for the star on top of the tree.
  f) The room --- with the falling snow outside, and the candles on the Christmas tree twinkled like stars.
  g) Because of our curious puppy, we had to ---the ribbons on the presents to keep them secure.
  e) Remember --- the Christmas cake with some syrup before serving.
3. What is the grammatical function of "like" in this sentence? Express the idea with different words.
4. What is the function of the semicolon in this sentence?
5. How would you paraphrase the sentence? (Using this technique can help you gradually expand your vocabulary.)
Note: Positive, motivational quotes in English for every day are offered by many applications and groups on social networks, such as Action for Happiness or Brainy Quote.
↓

Answers to the tasks above:
1. Here, "sunshine" is used metaphorically to represent something warm, positive, and uplifting.
2. a) will harden b) to widen c) to shorten d) Flatten e) to sharpen f) darkened g) tighten e) to moisten
3. "Like" is a preposition, meaning "similar to."
4. The semicolon separates two closely related independent clauses.
5. A possible simple paraphrase might be the following, for example: You make everybody's life more enjoyable by being kind.
  Here are several variants:
  * Kindness works like sunlight, bringing warmth and joy to everyone it touches.
  * Acts of kindness illuminate life, much like the sun lights up the sky.
  * Being kind is as uplifting as a sunny day, spreading cheer all around.
  * A little kindness can brighten someone’s day the way sunshine chases away clouds.
  * Kindness has the power to bring light to dark moments, just like sunshine.
  * Showing kindness is as refreshing as the sun breaking through after a storm.
  Reference: *O
Possible translation to support your learning of Czech: Laskavost je jako sluneční svit; všem rozzáří den.

References

This educational section may include text which is adapted from AI-generated responses. In the text, AI-generated content is marked with an asterisk and the initial as described below:
- *O refers to: OpenAI. (2024). ChatGPT (Version 4) [Large language model]. Retrieved from https://www.openai.com/chatgpt
- *C refers to: Copilot. (2024, October 28). Personal communication.
NB: Each reference format was recommended by the respective AI software at the time of communication.

Language Department

Entrance Examinations

Entrance Examination for Biological Chemistry

The examination aims to assess the student's ability to study in English. The minimum level required is B2.

Applicants who have an International Certificate at B2 level or above do not need to take the entrance examination. Simply submit a certified copy of the certificate with your application.

The examination takes the form of an individual online interview via MS Teams, consists of three parts, and takes approximately thirty minutes.

Initial interview – introduction, interest in the field
Reading Comprehension
Listening Comprehension

Comprehension and the ability to express oneself in English are assessed. Students are evaluated on a 0–60-point scale, with a minimum of 30 points required for admission.

A valid ID, a personal computer with a working camera and a microphone, and a good Internet connection is required for the interview.

Information about the dates of the entrance examination is provided by the Department of Student Affairs of the Faculty of Science.

Documents

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Documents

Language Department

People

Department of Parasitology

Publications of employees and students of the Department (since 2015)

- only publications with affiliation to the Department of Parasitology, or at least to the Faculty of Science, are listed.

2024:

Dobai T, Bartošová-Sojková P (2024) Sphaerospora molnari. Trends in Parasitology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pt.2023.12.011.

Živčicová Ž, Kvičerová J, Široký P (2024) Hemolivia species infecting Central American wood turtles (Rhinoclemmys pulcherrima manni) and problems with differential diagnosis within the genus Hemolivia. Parasite 31: 1. doi: 10.1051/parasite/2023067.

2023:

Barth JMI, Handley SA, Kintzl D, Leonard G, Malinsky M, Matschiner M, Meyer BS, Salzburger W, Stefka J, Trucchi E (2023) The history and organization of the Workshop on Population and Speciation Genomics. Evolution (N Y) 16: 2. doi: 10.1186/s12052-023-00182-w.

Brown JJ, Jandová A, Jeffs CT, Higgie M, Nováková E, Lewis OT, Hrček J (2023) Microbiome structure of a wild Drosophila community along tropical elevational gradients and comparison to laboratory lines. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 89: e0009923. doi: 10.1128/aem.00099-23.

Cubillos EFG, Snebergerova P, Borsodi S, Reichensdorferova D, Levytska V, Asada M, Sojka D, Jalovecka M (2023) Establishment of a stable transfection and gene targeting system in Babesia divergens. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 13:1278041. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1278041.

Dittmer J, Corretto E, Štarhová Serbina L, Michalik A, Nováková E, Schuler H (2023) Division of labor within psyllids: metagenomics reveals an ancient dual endosymbiosis with metabolic complementarity in the genus Cacopsylla. mSystems 8: e0057823. doi: 10.1128/msystems.00578-23.

Filipe AM, Levytska V, Jalovecka M (2023) Babesia divergens. Trends in Parasitology S1471-4922(23)00288-X. doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2023.11.008.

Ježková J, Holubová N, Kvičerová J, Matějů J, Sak B, Kváč M (2023) European ground squirrels Spermophilus citellus (Linnaeus) do not share identical Cryptosporidium spp. with North American ground squirrels. Folia Parasitologica 70: 2023.016. doi: 10.14411/fp.2023.016.

Lisnerová M, Holzer A, Blabolil P, Fiala I (2023) Evaluation and optimization of an eDNA metabarcoding assay for detection of freshwater myxozoan communities. Environmental DNA 5: 312-325.

Mahmood S, Nováková E, Martinů J, Sychra O, Hypša V (2023) Supergroup F Wolbachia with extremely reduced genome: transition to obligate insect symbionts. Microbiome 11: 22. doi: 10.1186/s40168-023-01462-9.

Martin Říhová J, Gupta S, Darby AC, Nováková E, Hypša V (2023) Arsenophonus symbiosis with louse flies: multiple origins, coevolutionary dynamics, and metabolic significance. mSystems 8: e0070623. doi: 10.1128/msystems.00706-23.

Mazanec H, Bušková N, Gardian Z, Kuchta R (2023) Secretion of extracellular vesicles during ontogeny of the tapeworm Schistocephalus solidus. Folia Parasitologica 70: 2023.003. doi: 10.14411/fp.2023.003.

Moons T, Kmentova N, Pariselle A, Artois T, Bert W, Vanhove MPM, Cruz-Laufer AJ (2023) All quiet on the western front? The evolutionary history of monogeneans (Dactylogyridae: Cichlidogyrus, Onchobdella) infecting a West and Central African tribe of cichlid fishes (Chromidotilapiini). Parasite 30: 25. doi: 10.1051/parasite/2023023.

Nazarizadeh M, Nováková M, Loot G, Gabagambi NP, Fatemizadeh F, Osano O, Presswell B, Poulin R, Vitál Z, Scholz T, Halajian A, Trucchi E, Kočová P, Štefka J (2023) Historical dispersal and host-switching formed the evolutionary history of a globally distributed multi-host parasite - The Ligula intestinalis species complex. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 180: 107677. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107677.

Němečková K, Mareš J, Procházková L, Culka A, Košek F, Wierzchos J, Nedbalová L, Dudák J, Tymlová V, Žemlička J, Kust A, Zima J, Nováková E, Jehlička J (2023) Gypsum endolithic phototrophs under moderate climate (Southern Sicily): their diversity and pigment composition. Frontiers in Microbiology 14: 1175066. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1175066.

Tarabai H, Floriano AM, Zima J Jr, Filová N, Brown JJ, Roachell W, Smith RL, Beatty NL, Vogel KJ, Nováková E (2023) Microbiomes of blood-feeding triatomines in the context of their predatory relatives and the environment. Microbiology Spectrum 11: e0168123. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.01681-23.

Tarabai H, Krejci S, Karyakin I, Bitar I, Literak I, Dolejska M (2023) Clinically relevant antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli from black kites in southwestern Siberia: a genetic and phenotypic investigation. mSphere: e0009923. doi: 10.1128/msphere.00099-23.

Vlček J, Miláček M, Vinkler M, Štefka J (2023) Effect of population size and selection on Toll-like receptor diversity in populations of Galápagos mockingbirds. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 36: 109-120. doi: 10.1111/jeb.14121.

White R, Sotillo J, Ancarola ME, Borup A, Boysen AT, Brindley PJ, Buzás EI, Cavallero S, Chaiyadet S, Chalmers IW, Cucher MA, Dagenais M, Davis CN, Devaney E, Duque-Correa MA, Eichenberger RM, Fontenla S, Gasan TA, Hokke CH, Kosanovic M, Kuipers ME, Laha T, Loukas A, Maizels RM, Marcilla A, Mazanec H, Morphew RM, Neophytou K, Nguyen LT, Nolte-'t Hoen E, Povelones M, Robinson MW, Rojas A, Schabussova I, Smits HH, Sungpradit S, Tritten L, Whitehead B, Zakeri A, Nejsum P, Buck AH, Hoffmann KF (2023) Special considerations for studies of extracellular vesicles from parasitic helminths: a community-led roadmap to increase rigour and reproducibility. Journal of Extracellular Vesicles 12: e12298. doi: 10.1002/jev2.12298.

2022:

Bazsalovicsová E, Králová-Hromadová I, Juhásová L, Mikulíček P, Oravcová A, Minárik G, Štefka J (2022) Unique genetic structure of the human tapeworm Dibothriocephalus latus from the Alpine lakes region - a successful adaptation? Parasitology 149: 1106-1118. doi: 10.1017/S0031182022000634.

Born-Torrijos A, van Beest GS, Vyhlídalová T, Knudsen R, Kristoffersen R, Amundsen PA, Thieltges DW, Soldánová M (2022) Taxa-specific activity loss and mortality patterns in freshwater trematode cercariae under subarctic conditions. Parasitology 149: 457-468. doi: 10.1017/S0031182021002006.

Drábková M, Kocot KM, Halanych KM, Oakley TH, Moroz LL, Cannon JT, Kuris A, Garcia-Vedrenne AE, Pankey MS, Ellis EA, Varney R, Štefka J, Zrzavý J (2022) Different phylogenomic methods support monophyly of enigmatic ´Mesozoa´(Dicyemida + Orthonectida, Lophotrochozoa). Proceedings. Biological Sciences 289: 20220683. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2022.0683.

Hönig V, Kamiš J, Maršíková A, Matějková T, Stopka P, Mácová A, Růžek D, Kvičerová J (2022) Orthohantaviruses in the reservoir and atypical hosts in the Czech Republic: spillover infection and indication of virus-specific tissue tropism. Microbiology Spectrum 10: e0130622. https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.01306-22. IF 9,043

Kahoun D, Fojtíková P, Vácha F, Čížková M, Vodička R, Nováková E, Hypša V (2022) Development and validationof an LC-MS/MS method for determination of B vitamins and some its derivates in whole blood. PLoS One 17: 0271444. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271444.

Kyslík J, Vancová M, Bartošová-Sojková P, Lövy A, Holzer AS, Fiala I (2022) Expression profiling and cellular localization of myxozoan minicollagens during nematocyst formation and sporogenesis. International Journal of Parasitology 12: S0020-7519(22)00104-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2022.07.002.

Lisnerová M, Lisner A, Cantatore DMP, Schaeffner BC, Pecková H, Tyml T, Fiala I, Bartošová-Sojková P, Holzer AS (2022) Correlated evolution of fish host length and parasite spore size: a tale from myxosporeans inhabiting elasmobranchs. International Journal for Parasitology 52: 97-110. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2021.05.008.

Lisnerová M, Martinek IN, Alama-Bermejo G, Bouberlová K, Schaeffner BC, Nkabi N, Holzer AS, Bartošová-Sojková P (2022) An ancient alliance: matching evolutionary patterns of cartilaginous fishes (Elasmobranchii) and chloromyxid parasites (Myxozoa). Infection, Genetics and Evolution103: 105346. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2022.105346.

Novosolov M, Yahalomi D, Chang ES, Fiala I, Cartwright P, Huchon D 2022) The phylogenetic position of the enigmatic, Polypodium hydriforme (Cnidaria, Polypodiozoa): insights from mitochodrial genomes. Genome Biology and Evolution 14: evac112. doi: 10.1093/gbe/evac112.

Quijano FR, Debora GR, Štefka J, Kowalewski MM (2022) Lice in Howler Monkeys and the Ancient Americas: Exploring the Potential Cost of Being Past Pets or Hunting Games. In: World Archaeoprimatology: Interconnections of Humans and Nonhuman Primates in the Past (edited by: Bernardo Urbani B, Youlatos D, Antczak AT). Cambridge University Press. Chapter in the book.

Říhová J, Bell KC, Nováková E, Hypša V (2022) Lightella neohematopini: a new lineage of highly reduced endosymbionts coevolving with chipmunk lice of the genus Neohematopinus. Frontiers in Microbiology 13: 900312. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.900312.

Scholz T, Biswas R, Patra BK, Ash A (2022) A new genus of caryophyllidean tapeworms (Cestoda) from Mystus catfishes (Bagridae) in India: cleaning up taxonomic chaos. Journal of Helminthology 96: e25. doi: 10.1017/S0022149X22000189.

Sojka D, Jalovecká M, Perner J (2022) Babesia, Theileria, Plasmodium and hemoglobin. Microorganisms 10: 1651. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms10081651.

Soldánová M, Born-Torrijos A, Kristoffersen R, Knudsen R, Amundsen PA, Scholz T (2022) Cercariae of a bird schistosome follow a similar emergence pattern under different subarctic conditions: first experimental study. Pathogens 11: 647. doi: 10.3390/pathogens11060647.

Soldánová M, Kundid P, Scholz T, Kristoffersen R, Knudsen R (2022) Somatic dimorphism in cercariae of a bird schistosome. Pathogens 11: 290. doi: 10.3390/pathogens11030290.

Štefka J, Votýpka J, Lukeš J, Balvín O (2022) Cimex lectularius and Cimex hemopterus (bed bugs). Trends in Parasitology S1471-4922(22)00102-7. doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2022.04.006.

2021:

Ahmadi M, Hemami MR, Kaboli M, Nazarizadeh M, Malekian M, Behrooz R, Geniez P, Alroy J, Zimmermann NE (2021) The legacy of Eastern Mediterranean mountain uplifts: rapid disparity of phylogenetic niche conservatism and divergence in mountain vipers. BMC Ecology and Evolution 21: 130. doi: 10.1186/s12862-021-01863-0.

Balvín O, Sasínková M, Martinů J, Nazarizadeh M, Bubová T, Booth W, Vargo EL, Štefka J (2021) Early evidence of establishment of the tropical bedbug (Cimex hemipterus) in Central Europe. Medical and Veterinary Entomology 35: 462-467. doi: 10.1111/mve.12522.

Born-Torrijos A, Paterson RA, van Beest GS, Vyhlídalová T, Henriksen EH, Knudsen R, Kristoffersen R, Amundsen PA, Soldánová M (2021) Cercarial behaviour alters the consumer functional response of three-spined sticklebacks. The Journal of Animal Ecology 90: 978-988. doi: 10.1111/1365-2656.13427.

Cavaleiro B, Serrao J, Nogueira S, Ribeiro L, Hermida M, Cruz C, Lisnerova M, Fiala I, Saraiva A (2021) Survey of Kudoa spp. (Myxozoa, Cnidaria) in fishes from the Madeira Archipelago and the Portuguese mainland coast: detection of Kudoa thyrsites in new hosts Scomber colias and Micromesistius poutassou. Folia Parasitologica (Praha) 68: 2021.003. doi: 10.14411/fp.2021.003.

Hermans R, Vanhove MPM, Ditrich O, Tyml T, Gelnar M, Artois T, Kmentová N (2020) Parasitic flatworms infecting thorny skate, Amblyraja radiata: infection by the monogeneans Acanthocotyle verrilli and Rajonchocotyle emarginata in Svalbard. Parasitology International 81: 102261. doi: 10.1016/j.parint.2020.102261.

Kyslík J, Kosakyan A, Nenarokov S, Holzer AS, Fiala I (2021) The myxozoan minicollagen gene repertoire was not simplified by the parasitic lifestyle: computational identification of a novel myxozoan minicollagen gene. BMC Genomics 22: 198. doi: 10.1186/s12864-021-07515-3.

Lisnerová M, Lisner A, Cantatore DMP, Schaeffner BC, Pecková H, Tyml T, Fiala I, Bartošová-Sojková P, Holzer AS (2021) Correlated evolution of fish host length and parasite spore size: a tale from myxosporeans inhabiting elasmobranchs. International Journal for Parasitology: S0020-7519(21)00218-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2021.05.008.

Mazanec H, Koník P, Gardian Z, Kuchta R (2021) Extracellular vesicles secreted by model tapeworm Hymenolepis diminuta: biogenesis, ultrastructure and protein composition. International Journal for Parasitology 51: 327-332. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2020.09.010.

Říhová J, Batani G, Rodríguez-Ruano SM, Martinů J, Vácha F, Nováková E, Hypša V (2021) A new symbiotic lineage related to Neisseria and Snodgrassella arises from the dynamic and diverse microbiomes in sucking lice. Molecular Ecology 30: 2178-2196. doi: 10.1111/mec.15866.

Šnebergerová P, Bartošová-Sojková P, Jalovecká M, Sojka D (2021) Plasmepsin-like aspartyl proteases in Babesia. Pathogens 10: 1241. doi: 10.3390/pathogens10101241.

Trefancová A, Kvičerová J, Mácová A, Stanko M, Hofmannová L, Hypša V (2021) Switch, disperse, repeat: host specificity is highly flexible in rodent-associated Eimeria. International Journal for Parasitology S0020-7519(21)00195-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpara.2021.04.005.

Zechmeisterová K, Javanbakht H, Kvičerová J, Široký P (2021) Against growing synonymy: Identification pitfalls of Hepatozoon and Schellackia demonstrated on North Iranian reptiles. European Journal of Protistology 79: 125780. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2021.125780.

2020:

Born-Torrijos A, Paterson RA, van Beest GS, Schwelm J, Vyhlídalová T, Henriksen EH, Knudsen R, Kristoffersen R, Amundsen PA, Soldánová M (2020) Temperature does not influence functional response of amphipods consuming different trematode prey. Parasitology Research 119: 4271-4276. doi: 10.1007/s00436-020-06859-1.

Brdíčková K, Sak B, Holubová N, Květoňová D, Hlásková L, Kicia M, Kopacz Ż, Kváč M (2020) Encephalitozoon cuniculi genotype II concentrates in inflammation foci. Journal of Inflammation Research 13: 583-593. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S271628.

Brown JJ, Rodríguez-Ruano SM, Poosakkannu A, Batani G, Schmidt JO, Roachell W, Zima J Jr, Hypša V, Nováková E (2020) Ontogeny, species identity, and environment dominate microbiome dynamics in wild populations of kissing bugs (Triatominae). Microbiome 8: 146. doi: 10.1186/s40168-020-00921-x.

Hofmannová L, Jirků M, Mazánek S, Gremlicová D, Kvičerová J (2020) Eimeria melogale n. sp. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) in the Javan ferret-badger (Melogale orientalis). European Journal of Protistology 73: 125668. doi: 10.1016/j.ejop.2019.125668.

Husnik F, Hypsa V, Darby A (2020) Insect-symbiont gene expression in the midgut bacteriocytes of a blood-sucking parasite. Genome Biology and Evolution 12: 429-442. doi: 10.1093/gbe/evaa032.

Jarquín-Díaz VH, Balard A, Mácová A, Jost J, Roth von Szepesbéla T, Berktold K, Tank S, Kvičerová J, Heitlinger E (2020) Generalist Eimeria species in rodents: multilocus analyses indicate inadequate resolution of established markers. Ecology and Evolution 10: 1378-1389. doi: 10.1002/ece3.5992.

Kazemi E, Nazarizadeh M, Fatemizadeh F, Khani A, Kaboli M (2020) The phylogeny, phylogeography, and diversification history of the westernmost Asian cobra (Serpentes: Elapidae: Naja oxiana) in the Trans-Caspian region. Ecology and Evolution 11: 2024-2039. doi: 10.1002/ece3.7144.

Kvičerová J, Hofmannová L, Scognamiglio F, Santoro M (2020) Eimeria sciurorum (Apicomplexa, Coccidia) from the Calabrian black squirrel (Sciurus meridionalis): an example of lower host specificity of eimerians. Frontiers in Veterinary Science 7: 369. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.00369.

Lisnerová M, Blabolil P, Holzer A, Jurajda P, Fiala I (2020) Myxozoan hidden diversity: the case of Myxobolus pseudodispar Gorbunova, 1936. Folia Parasitologica 67: 019. doi: 10.14411/fp.2020.019.

Lisnerová M, Fiala I, Cantatore D, Irigoitia M, Timi J, Pecková H, Bartošová-Sojková P, Sandoval CM, Luer C, Morris J, Holzer AS (2020) Mechanisms and drivers for the establishment of life cycle complexity in Myxozoan parasites. Biology (Basel) 9(1). pii: E10. doi: 10.3390/biology9010010.

Martinů J, Štefka J, Poosakkannu A, Hypša V (2020) "Parasite turnover zone" at secondary contact: a new pattern in host-parasite population genetics. Molecular Ecology 29: 4653-4664. doi: 10.1111/mec.15653.

Rodríguez-Ruano SM, Juhaňáková E, Vávra J, Nováková E (2020) Methodological insight into mosquito microbiome studies. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 10: 86. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00086.

Sak B, Brdíčková K, Holubová N, Květoňová D, Hlásková L, Kváč M (2020) A massive systematic infection of Encephalitozoon cuniculi genotype III in mice does not cause clinical signs. Microbes and Infection 22: 467-473. doi: 10.1016/j.micinf.2020.06.004.

Sak B, Brdíčková K, Holubová N, Květoňová D, Hlásková L, Kváč M (2020) Encephalitozoon cuniculi genotype III evinces a resistance to Albendazole treatment in both immunodeficient and immunocompetent mice. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 64: e00058-20. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00058-20.

Vyhlídalová T, Soldánová M (2020) Species-specific patterns in cercarial emergence of Diplostomum spp. from snails Radix lagotis. International Journal for Parasitology 50: 1177-1188. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2020.07.009.

2019:

Díaz Lora S, Martín-Vivaldi M, Juárez García-Pelayo N, Azcárate García M, Rodríguez-Ruano SM, Martínez-Bueno M, Soler JJ (2019) Experimental old nest material predicts hoopoe Upupa epops eggshell and uropygial gland microbiota. Journal of Avian Biology 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jav.02083.

Drábková M, Jachníková N, Tyml T, Sehadová H, Ditrich O, Myšková E, Hypša V, Štefka J (2019) Population co-divergence in common cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) and its dicyemid parasite in the Mediterranean Sea. Scientific Reports 9: 14300. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-50555-9.

Hofmannová J, Kvičerová J, Bízková K, Modrý D (2019) Intranuclear coccidiosis in tortoises - discovery of its causative agent and transmission. European Journal of Protistology 67: 71-76. doi: 10.1016/j.ejop.2018.11.002.

Jalovecká M, Sojka D, Ascencio M, Schnittger L (2019) Babesia life cycle - when phylogeny meets biology. Trends in Parasitology 35: 356-368. doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2019.01.007.

Jarquín-Díaz VH, Balard A, Jost J, Kraft J, Dikmen MN, Kvičerová J, Heitlinger E (2019) Detection and quantification of house mouse Eimeria at the species level - challenges and solutions for the assessment of Coccidia in wildlife. International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife 10: 29-40. doi: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2019.07.004.

Korytář T, Wiegertjes GF, Zusková E, Tomanová A, Lisnerová M, Patra S, Sieranski V, Šíma R, Born-Torrijos A, Wentzel AS, Blasco-Monleon S, Yanes-Roca C, Policar T, Holzer AS (2019) The kinetics of cellular and humoral immune responses of common carp to presporogonic development of the myxozoan Sphaerospora molnari. Parasites and Vectors 12(1): 208. doi: 10.1186/s13071-019-3462-3.

Kvičerová J, Mikeš V (2019) Parazitologické výzkumy jako zdroj údajů o rozšíření drobných savců (Soricomorpha, Rodentia) v jižních Čechách. Sborník Jihočeského muzea v Českých Budějovicích, Přírodní vědy 59: 85-93. [in Czech].

Liu Y, Lövy A, Gu Z, Fiala I (2019) Phylogeny of Myxobolidae (Myxozoa) and the evolution of myxospore appendages in the Myxobolus clade. International Journal for Parasitology 49: 523-530. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2019.02.009.

Mareš J, Johansen JR, Hauer T, Zima J, Ventura S, Cuzman O, Tiribilli B, Kaštovský J (2019) Taxonomic resolution of the genus Cyanothece (Chroococcales, Cyanobacteria), with a treatment on Gloeothece and three new genera, Crocosphaera, Rippkaea, and Zehria. Journal of Phycology 55: 578-610. doi: 10.1111/jpy.12853.

Mendoza-Palmero CA, Mendoza-Franco EF, Acosta AA, Scholz T (2019) Walteriella n. g. (Monogenoidea: Dactylogyridae) from the gills of pimelodid catfishes (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) from the Peruvian Amazonia based on morphological and molecular data. Systematic Parasitology 96: 441-452. doi: 10.1007/s11230-019-09866-8.

Myšková E, Brož M, Fuglei E, Kvičerová J, Mácová A, Sak B, Kváč M, Ditrich O (2019) Gastrointestinal parasites of arctic foxes (Vulpes lagopus) and sibling voles (Microtus levis) in Spitsbergen, Svalbard. Parasitology Research 118: 3409-3418. doi: 10.1007/s00436-019-06502-8.

Peralta-Sánchez JM, Martín-Platero AM, Ariza-Romero JJ, Rabelo-Ruiz M, Zurita-González MJ, Baños A, Rodríguez-Ruano SM, Maqueda M, Valdivia E, Martínez-Bueno M (2019) Egg production in poultry farming is improved by probiotic bacteria. Frontiers in Microbiology 10: 1042. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01042.

Rego ROM, Trentelman JJA, Anguita J, Nijhof AM, Sprong H, Klempa B, Hajdusek O, Tomás-Cortázar J, Azagi T, Strnad M, Knorr S, Sima R, Jalovecka M, Fumačová Havlíková S, Ličková M, Sláviková M, Kopacek P, Grubhoffer L, Hovius JW (2019) Counterattacking the tick bite: towards a rational design of anti-tick vaccines targeting pathogen transmission. Parasites & Vectors 12: 229. doi: 10.1186/s13071-019-3468-x.

Sak B, Vecková T, Brdíčková K, Smetana P, Hlásková L, Kicia M, Holubová N, McEvoy J, Kváč M (2019) Experimental Encephalitozoon cuniculi infection acquired from fermented meat products. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease 16: 394-398. doi: 10.1089/fpd.2018.2569.

Selinger M, Tykalová H, Štěrba J, Věchtová P, Vavrušková Z, Lieskovská J, Kohl A, Schnettler E, Grubhoffer L (2019) Tick-borne encephalitis virus inhibits rRNA synthesis and host protein production in human cells of neural origin. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 13: e0007745. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007745.

Song SJ, Sanders JG, Baldassarre DT, Chaves JA, Johnson NS, Piaggio AJ, Stuckey MJ, Nováková E, Metcalf JL, Chomel BB, Aguilar-Setién A, Knight R, McKenzie VJ (2019) Is there convergence of gut microbes in blood-feeding vertebrates? Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences 374: 20180249. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2018.0249.

Trefancová A, Kvičerová J (2019) Isospora svecica sp. n. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae), a new species of coccidium from the white-spotted bluethroat Luscinia svecica cyanecula (Aves: Passeriformes: Muscicapidae). Parasitology Research 10: 3043-3051. doi: 10.1007/s00436-019-06397-5.

Trefancová A, Mácová A, Kvičerová J (2019) Isosporan oocysts in the faeces of bank voles (Myodes glareolus; Arvicolinae, Rodentia): real parasites, or pseudoparasites? Protist 170: 104-120. doi: 10.1016/j.protis.2018.12.002.

Vávra J, Fiala I, Krylová P, Petrusek A, Hyliš M (2019) Establishment of a new microsporidian genus and species, Pseudoberwaldia daphniae (Microsporidia, Opisthosporidia), a common parasite of the Daphnia longispina complex in Europe. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 162: 43-54. doi: 10.1016/j.jip.2019.02.004.

2018:

Duszynski DW, Kvičerová J, Seville RS (2018) The Biology and Identification of the Coccidia (Apicomplexa) of Carnivores of the World. Academic Press, Elsevier Inc. A book. 712 pages.

Hofmannová L, Jirků M, Řeháková M, Kvičerová J (2018) Two new species of Eimeria (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) in Philippine tarsier (Tarsius syrichta). European Journal of Protistology 66: 77-85. doi: 10.1016/j.ejop.2018.08.003.

Holicová T, Sedláček F, Mácová A, Vlček J, Robovský J (2018) New record of Microtus mystacinus in eastern Kazakhstan: phylogeographical considerations. Zookeys 781: 67-80. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.781.25359.

Jalovecká M, Hajdusek O, Sojka D, Kopacek P, Malandrin L (2018) The complexity of piroplasms life cycles. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 8: 248. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00248.

Jalovecká M, Hartmann D, Miyamoto Y, Eckmann L, Hajdusek O, O'Donoghue AJ, Sojka D (2018) Validation of Babesia proteasome as a drug target. International Journal for Parasitology. Drugs and Drug Resistance 8: 394-402. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2018.08.001.

Mácová A, Hoblíková A, Hypša V, Stanko M, Martinů J, Kvičerová J (2018) Mysteries of host switching: diversification and host specificity in rodent-coccidia associations. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 127: 179-189. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.05.009.

Martinů J, Hypša V, Štefka J (2018) Host specificity driving genetic structure and diversity in ectoparasite populations: Coevolutionary patterns in Apodemus mice and their lice. Ecology and Evolution 8: 10008-10022. doi: 10.1002/ece3.4424.

Rodríguez-Ruano SM, Martín-Vivaldi M, Peralta-Sánchez J, García-Martín A, Martínez-García Á, Soler J, et al. (2018) Seasonal and sexual differences in the microbiota of the hoopoe uropygial secretion. Genes 9: E407. doi: 10.3390/genes9080407.

Rodríguez-Ruano SM, Škochová V, Rego ROM, Schmidt JO, Roachell W, Hypša V, Nováková E (2018) Microbiomes of North American Triatominae: The grounds for Chagas disease epidemiology. Frontiers in Microbiology 9: 1167. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01167.

Roumbedakis K, Drábková M, Tyml T, di Cristo C (2018) A perspective around Cephalopods and their parasites, and suggestions on how to increase knowledge in the field. Frontiers in Physiology 9: 1573. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01573.

Scholz T, Tavakol S, Uhrová L, Brabec J, Přikrylová I, Mašová Š, Šimková A, Halajian A, Luus-Powell WJ (2018) An annotated list and molecular data on larvae of gryporhynchid tapeworms (Cestoda: Cyclophyllidea) from freshwater fishes in Africa. Systematic Parasitology 95: 567-590. doi: 10.1007/s11230-018-9796-y.

Schwelm J, Soldánová M, Vyhlídalová T, Sures B, Selbach C (2018) Small but diverse: larval trematode communities in the small freshwater planorbids Gyraulus albus and Segmentina nitida (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) from the Ruhr River, Germany. Parasitology Research 117: 241-255. doi: 10.1007/s00436-017-5699-0.

2017:

Kostka M (2017) Opalinata. In: Archibald JM, Simpson AGB, Slamovits CH (Eds.) Handbook of the Protists. Second Edition. Springer International Publishing AG, Springer, Cham. pp. 543-565. Kapitola v knize. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28149-0.

Novakova E, Woodhams DCW, Rodriguez-Ruano SM, Brucker RM, Leff JW, Maharaj A, Amir A, Knight R, Scott J (2017) Mosquito microbiome dynamics, a background for prevalence and seasonality of West Nile Virus. Frontiers in Microbiology 8: 526. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00526.

Pistone D, Pajoro M, Novakova E, Vicari N, Gaiardelli C, Viganò R, Luzzago C, Montagna M, Lanfranchi P (2017) Ticks and bacterial tick-borne pathogens in Piemonte region, Northwest Italy. Experimental and Applied Acarology 73: 477-491. doi: 10.1007/s10493-017-0202-2.

Říhová J, Nováková E, Husník F, Hypša V (2017) Legionella becoming a mutualist: Adaptive processes shaping the genome of symbiont in the louse Polyplax serrata. Genome Biology and Evolution 9: 2946-2957. doi: 10.1093/gbe/evx217.

Soldánová M, Georgieva S, Roháčová J, Knudsen R, Kuhn JA, Henriksen EH, Siwertsson A, Shaw JC, Kuris AM, Amundsen P-A, Scholz T, Lafferty KD, Kostadinova A (2017) Molecular analyses reveal high species diversity of trematodes in a sub-Arctic lake. International Journal
for Parasitology 47: 327-345. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2016.12.008.

Šochová E, Husník F, Nováková E, Halajian A, Hypša V (2017) Arsenophonus and Sodalis replacements shape evolution of symbiosis in louse flies. PeerJ 5: e4099. doi: 10.7717/peerj.4099.

Thairu MW, Skidmore IH, Bansal R, Nováková E, Hansen TE, Li‐Byarlay H, Wickline SA, Hansen AK (2017) Efficacy of RNA interference knockdown using aerosolized short interfering RNAs bound to nanoparticles in three diverse aphid species. Insect Molecular Biology 26: 356-368. doi: 10.1111/imb.12301.

2016:

Jalovecka M, Bonsergent C, Hajdusek O, Kopacek P, Malandrin L (2016) Stimulation and quantification of Babesia divergens gametocytogenesis. Parasites & Vectors 9: 439. doi: 10.1186/s13071-016-1731-y.

Leštinová K, Soldánová M, Scholz T, Kuchta R (2016) Eggs as a suitable tool for species diagnosis of causative agents of human diphyllobothriosis (Cestoda). PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 10: e0004721. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004721.

Mendoza-Franco EF, Mendoza-Palmero CA, Scholz T (2016) New species of Ameloblastella Kritsky, Mendoza-Franco & Scholz, 2000 and Cosmetocleithrum Kritsky, Thatcher & Boeger, 1986 (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) infecting the gills of catfishes (Siluriformes) from the Peruvian Amazonia. Systematic Parasitology 93: 847-862. doi: 10.1007/s11230-016-9671-7.

Nováková E, Hypša V, Nguyen P, Husník F, Darby AC (2016) Genome sequence of Candidatus Arsenophonus lipopteni, the exclusive symbiont of a blood sucking fly Lipoptena cervi (Diptera: Hippoboscidae). Standards in Genomic Sciences 11: 72. doi: 10.1186/s40793-016-0195-1.

Oros M, Brabec J, Kuchta R, Choudhury A, Scholz T (2016) A synoptic review of Promonobothrium Mackiewicz, 1968 (Cestoda: Caryophyllidea), parasites of suckers (Catostomidae) in North America, with description of two new species. Folia Parasitologica 63: 008. doi: 10.14411/fp.2016.008.

Tyml T, Kostka M, Ditrich O, Dyková I (2016) Vermistella arctica n. sp. nominates the genus Vermistella as a candidate for taxon with bipolar distribution. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 63: 210-219. doi: 10.1111/jeu.12270.

Tyml T, Skulinová K, Kavan J, Ditrich O, Kostka M, Dyková I (2016) Heterolobosean amoebae from Arctic and Antarctic extremes: 18 novel strains of Allovahlkampfia, Vahlkampfia and Naegleria. European Journal of Protistology 56: 119-133. doi: 10.1016/j.ejop.2016.08.003.

2015:

Brabec J, Kostadinova A, Scholz T, Littlewood DTJ (2015) Complete mitochondrial genomes and nuclear ribosomal RNA operons of two species of Diplostomum (Platyhelminthes: Trematoda): a molecular resource for taxonomy and molecular epidemiology of important fish pathogens. Parasites & Vectors 8: 336.

Dvořáková N, Kvičerová J, Hostovský M, Široký P (2015) Haemogregarines of freshwater turtles from Southeast Asia with a description of Haemogregarina sacaliae sp. n. and a redescription of Haemogregarina pellegrini Laveran and Pettit, 1910. Parasitology 142: 1-11.

Fiala I, Hlavničková M, Kodádková A, Freeman MA, Bartošová-Sojková P, Atkinson SD (2015) Evolutionary origin of Ceratonova shasta and phylogeny of the marine myxosporean lineage. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 86: 75-89.

Hönig V, Švec P, Halas P, Vavrušková Z, Tykalová H, Kilian P, Vetíšková, Dorňáková V, Štěrbová T, Šimonová Z, Erhart J, Štěrba J, Golovchenko M, Rudenko N, Grubhoffer L (2015) Ticks and tick-borne pathogens in South Bohemia (Czech Republic) - Spatial variability in Ixodes ricinus abundance, Borrelia burgdorferi and tick-borne encephalitis virus prevalence. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases 6: 559-567.

Javanbakht H, Kvičerová J, Dvořáková N, Mikulíček P, Sharifi M, Kautman M, Maršíková A, Široký P (2015) Phylogeny, diversity, distribution, and host specificity of Haemoproteus spp. (Apicomplexa: Haemosporida: Haemoproteidae) of Palaearctic tortoises. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 62: 670-678.

Kodádková A, Bartošová-Sojková P, Holzer AS, Fiala I (2015) Bipteria vetusta n. sp - an old parasite in an old host: tracing the origin of myxosporean parasitism in vertebrates. International Journal for Parasitology 45: 269-276.

Martinů J, Roubová V, Nováková M, Smith VS, Hypša V, Štefka J (2015) Characterisation of microsatellite loci in two species of lice, Polyplax serrata (Phthiraptera: Anoplura: Polyplacidae) and Myrsidea nesomimi (Phthiraptera: Amblycera: Menoponidae). Folia Parasitologica 62: 016.

Mendoza-Palmero CA, Blasco-Costa I, Scholz T (2015) Molecular phylogeny of Neotropical monogeneans (Platyhelminthes: Monogenea) from catfishes (Siluriformes). Parasites & Vectors 8: 164.

Nováková E, Husník F, Šochová E, Hypša V (2015) Arsenophonus and Sodalis symbionts in louse flies: an analogy to the Wigglesworthia
and Sodalis system in tsetse flies. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81: 6189-6199.

Schulz F, Tyml T, Pizzetti I, Dykova I, Fazi S, Kostka M, Horn M (2015) Marine amoebae with cytoplasmic and perinuclear symbionts deeply branching in the Gammaproteobacteria. Scientific Reports 5: 13381.

Number of correct answers	CEFR level
0 - 15	A0
16 - 35	A1
36 - 55	A2
56 - 75	B1
76 - 95	B2
96 - 120	C1

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